From where did Judo originate?

Judo originated from the art (or system) of Jujitsu, which also carries the syllable “Ju” meaning “Gentle”.

Who is considered as the “Father of Judo”/“Father of Modern Judo”?

Dr. Jigoro Kano, founder of the Kodokan Judo discipline.

How can I score points (or fractions of a point) in Judo?

You can score a point or fractions of a point by either throwing an opponent down, executing a submission hold, or pinning down an opponent. The extent of the scoring is determined by how well the maneuvers are executed.

How vital is the Judan or the 10th Dan in the Black Belt rankings?

Traditionally, the Judan or the 10th Dan is reserved only for Dr. Jigoro Kano and his selected students.

What is the qualification to become a junior-ranked Judoka?

Judokas included in the junior ranks are those who are aged 17 and below.

Are there references available to aptly describe the throws and holds in Judo?

Aside from the many Internet sources, Charles Yerkow’s Sport Judo and ModernJudo volumes are good references.